We make a distinction between bow setup and tuning, but maintenance is a continues process.
By completing the bow set-up you should have the bow ready to shoot within the factory specifications, whereas tuning aims to make the bow more forgiving and improve arrow flight. Once that has been established, it turns into a maintenance process.
You’d finalise the setup process by getting the arrow out of the bow as straight as possible:
- Paper Tune
- Centre shot, either:
Once your bow is initially set up, the continuous process of tuning improvement and maintenance commences:
There’s a significant overlap between the set-up and maintenance process, but once you’ve completed setting your centre shot, or any other tuning which involved the rest, you won’t return to shooting through paper, unless you want a fresh start.

When following this process, always make notes of your changes and the behaviour of the bow. If you’re shooting higher scores, keep that change, else reverse it, and consider doing something else.
Do not overdo it, and don’t be tempted to do too many things at the same time.
When working on a bow it is very important to remember that it is not the bow that shoots the score, it’s the archer holding it. Time behind the bow is always more valuable than the time spent changing things in your set-up.