Fitness training would depend on your goals, but both strength and cardio training will be part of the training for a serious competitive archer.
The listed exercises could be included in a training program developed by a strength and conditioning coach to strengthen the target muscles. It is also important, especially in younger archers, to use training to retain muscle symmetry as much as possible.
Strength
The primary muscles most used in archery are:
- Legs: All
- Core: Abdominal, obliques, glutes & lower back
- Back: Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and teres minor
- Arms: Biceps and triceps in the arms.
- Shoulders: Deltoids
- Chest: Pectorals
The key muscle groups for stability are the core and leg muscles.
Cardio
For cardio, the following is suggested:
- Running
- Walking
- Rowing